Climate scientists at the Irish Centre for High-End Computing (ICHEC) have predicted warmer temperatures, a substantial drop in frost and a longer growing season for crops by the middle of the century. Simulations carried out on behalf of the EPA and supported by Met Éireann and the Marine Institute, project that temperatures will rise by 1° to 1.6° from 2041 to 2060, compared to the baseline period of 1981 to 2000.

The largest increases in temperature are predicted for the east of the country.

The models predict that there could be a 50% fall in the number of frost and ice days.

The scientists noted that these periods of frost and ice are important environmental triggers for lifecycle phases in many plant and animal species.

The computer simulations forecast that summer heatwaves will become more frequent, in particular in the south of the country.

Flooding

There will be more variability in precipitation, with big increases in both dry spells and periods of heavy rainfall – and resulting flooding.

Snowfall is projected to decrease substantially by the middle of the century, with reductions of over 50%.

The computer modelling found that the length of the growing season is projected to increase by between 12% and 16%.

While this may be welcomed by farmers, the overall warming climate will also result in an increase in pests.