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For the first time in 30 years, it has been confirmed that there are two pairs of corncrakes on Rathlin Island, off the coast of Ballycastle, Co Antrim.
The corncrake is a red-listed species in Ireland, meaning it is a bird of high conservation concern.
Rathlin is the only place in Northern Ireland where the birds have been heard in recent years, according to the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds.
A male has been heard calling in one location on Rathlin each year since 2016 and now RSPB Northern Ireland staff have recorded two breeding males in two separate sites on the island this summer.
Known for their unmistakeable "crex-crex" call, corncrakes are highly secretive and like to settle in early growing tall vegetation such as nettles, cow parsley and irises.
One of the sites - in Church Bay - is on land owned by an islander but managed by RSPB NI that has had nettles planted by staff and teams of volunteers to encourage the birds – summer migrants from western Africa – to return to Rathlin.
RSPB Rathlin Island warden Liam McFaul said: “It’s fantastic and really encouraging that the work we’re doing for corncrakes is making a difference.
“It's been an exceptional year because for the first time since the 1980s we have two calling corncrakes and this is brilliant. The birds have two broods and the second brood will be hatching in late July.”
Vocal
McFaul has a theory about why the bird is so vocal and has been spotted moving around.
“He has been calling out in two or three different locations and then he's moving across the road to the other side and is calling quite a lot, all night long and quite often during the day. Because of this behaviour, this could indicate that there could be more than one female in that area and he's tending to two areas at once. But because the females are silent, we don't really know.”
The second male corncrake has been recorded on private land owned by wildlife-friendly farmer Richard Green and his family on the western end of Rathlin.
McFaul believes the return of a sustainable corncrake population would be a huge boost for the island.
“Hopefully, we will see their numbers increase and get a sustainable population, with four or five pairs regularly breeding, and this feels more achievable after this landmark year.
“Each breeding pair can produce up to 16 eggs each breeding season, although there is a high mortality rate with these birds. Increasing corncrake numbers could be a big tourism benefit for Rathlin. People travel to Tory Island in Donegal just because of the corncrakes there,” he said.
Farmer view
Farmer Richard Green is delighted to have been hearing the corncrake’s call - on the second corncrake site - over the last few years.
“For me, it started four years ago when we had a corncrake calling right through the summer,” he said.
“To hear that this year there are two pairs, one of which is on our land, is great. It shows us we must be doing something right for them. The way we farm, we’re sensitive to nature and the birds and we try to do whatever we can to help.
“We have the cover around the edges of the field – the rough cover that corncrakes seem to enjoy. It was great to have Liam from the RSPB confirm that the bird was back.
“They’re incredibly secretive birds and I’ve never seen one, although my daughter did manage to see one once. Even though it sounds like you’re standing next to it you just can’t see it. My granddaughter is four and she talks about the bird and the noise it makes, so everyone here is fond of them.”
After the second brood hatches later this month, the birds will migrate back to Africa in August or September.
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